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Cash FlowGlossary Term

Change Order

A formal written amendment to an existing contract that modifies scope, cost, or schedule. Subcontractors should never perform out-of-scope work without a signed change order. Undocumented changes are a leading cause of unpaid invoices and disputes.

Related Terms

Progress Billing

Cash Flow

Invoicing for work completed to date on a longer project, rather than waiting until project completion. Helps subcontractors maintain cash flow on extended jobs.

Apportionment

Cash Flow

The division of costs, revenue, or liability between multiple parties on a shared project or contract. Subcontractors encounter this when overhead costs or insurance claims are split across several work scopes or prime contractors. Clear apportionment terms in your contract protect against unfair cost allocations.

In-Kind Dividend

Cash Flow

A distribution of goods, equipment, or services to shareholders instead of cash. For subcontractors holding equity in a joint venture, this may mean receiving tools, materials, or usage rights rather than a cheque. Factor this into cash-flow planning, as in-kind distributions don't cover payroll or fuel costs.

Expansion Capital

Cash Flow

Funds raised or borrowed to grow a subcontracting business beyond its current capacity. This covers new equipment, additional crews, or entry into new service markets. It differs from operating capital, which keeps day-to-day work running.

Liquidated Damages

Cash Flow

A pre-agreed financial penalty charged when a subcontractor misses deadlines or fails to meet contract milestones. The amount is fixed in the contract, not calculated after the fact. LDs can seriously erode your project margins if schedule risks aren't managed upfront.

EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortisation)

Cash Flow

A measure of a subcontractor's core operating profitability, stripping out financing and accounting costs. It helps field service companies assess whether their contracts and crews are generating real operational value. Clients and lenders often use it to evaluate a subcontractor's financial health before awarding work.

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