Below-Grade

A budgeting document used in oil and gas projects that outlines expected costs and seeks approval before work begins. Subcontractors often work under AFEs issued by operators.

A heavy, telescoping steel rod that transmits rotary torque from a drill rig to the auger or cutting tool. Subcontractors operating foundation or piling rigs must inspect kelly bars regularly for wear and cracking. Damage affects drilling performance and can cause costly downtime on tight project schedules.

Crude oil imported into one country and then shipped out to another without being refined domestically. For subcontractors, re-export activity drives short-term terminal, marine, and logistics work. Contract volumes can spike quickly, so crews and equipment must be mobilisation-ready.

The formal handover point where ownership or responsibility for a measured quantity of oil, gas, or other product moves from one party to another — typically triggering billing, invoicing, or contractual obligations for subcontractors involved in metering, transport, or handling operations. Field service crews working custody transfer points must ensure measurements are accurate and fully documented, as discrepancies can directly affect client invoices and liability.

The company that holds the rights to develop an oil and gas property and manages day-to-day operations. Operators hire subcontractors and service companies to perform various tasks.

A document created in the field that records work performed, equipment used, materials consumed, and time spent. Field tickets are the basis for invoicing and must typically be approved by the customer before payment.

How Operator Mergers and Acquisitions Affect Your Subcontract Agreements

When operators merge, get acquired, or sell assets, subcontractor agreements are caught in the middle. Learn how M&A activity affects your MSA, payment terms, vendor status, and what to do before, during, and after a deal closes.

How Rig Count Trends Affect Subcontractor Demand and What to Do About It

Rig counts are the earliest signal of where field service work is heading. Learn how to read drilling activity trends, anticipate demand shifts, and position your crew before the phone stops ringing.

What Is an AFE in Oil and Gas and How Does It Affect Subcontractor Payments?

An AFE (Authorization for Expenditure) controls every dollar spent on an oilfield project. Learn how it affects your billing, change orders, and cash flow as a subcontractor.