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WorkforceGlossary Term

JOLTS (Job Openings and Labour Turnover Survey)

A monthly U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report tracking job openings, hires, and separations across industries. Field service contractors use it to benchmark labour demand and anticipate competition for skilled tradespeople. Rising JOLTS numbers often signal tighter crew availability and upward pressure on wage rates.

Related Terms

Job Openings Rate

Workforce

The percentage of unfilled positions relative to total jobs in a sector at a given time. For subcontractors, a high rate signals strong demand for field crews and leverage in rate negotiations. It helps forecast labour shortages before mobilising for large campaigns.

Field-to-Office Ratio

Workforce

The number of field workers supported by each administrative/office employee. A ratio of 10:1 is common for paper-based operations; digitized operations often achieve 30:1 to 40:1.

Loaded Wage Rate

Workforce

An employee's base hourly wage plus all associated costs the employer bears, such as payroll taxes, benefits, and insurance. Subcontractors use this figure to accurately price labour when bidding jobs or building crew budgets. Billing clients only the base wage without loading costs is a common cause of margin loss.

Circadian Science

Workforce

The study of how the body's internal clock affects alertness, performance, and safety during shift work. Subcontractors use it to design smarter rotation schedules that reduce fatigue-related incidents. Regulators increasingly reference circadian principles in hours-of-service and fatigue management requirements.

Horizontal Joint Employment

Workforce

Occurs when two unrelated companies — such as a labour agency and a subcontractor — are considered co-employers of the same worker. Both parties may share legal responsibility for wages, overtime, and labour standards compliance. Field service firms must understand this to avoid unexpected liability for workers hired through third-party staffing arrangements.

Spare Capacity

Workforce

The portion of a subcontractor's available workforce, equipment, or service hours that is not currently committed to active contracts, representing untapped revenue potential that can be offered to clients on short notice or used to absorb surge demand without turning down work.

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