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Workforce Glossary Term

Fly-In/fly-Out (fifo)

A rotation model where workers are flown to remote job sites for a set number of days, then returned home. Subcontractors must account for mobilisation costs and crew availability when bidding FIFO contracts. Rotation schedules vary widely, such as 14 days on and 14 days off.

Related Terms

Field-to-Office Ratio

Workforce

The number of field workers supported by each administrative/office employee. A ratio of 10:1 is common for paper-based operations; digitized operations often achieve 30:1 to 40:1.

Nonemployer Establishment

Workforce

A business that generates revenue but has no paid employees — typically a sole proprietor or owner-operator. Many field subcontractors and independent tradespeople operate this way. Statistics Canada tracks these firms separately in labour and industry data.

Shoulder Season

Workforce

The transitional period between peak and slow seasons when project volumes drop and scheduling becomes unpredictable. Subcontractors often face reduced call-outs, crew utilisation gaps, and tighter margins during these windows. Common in oilsands and construction work between summer and winter campaigns.

Wage Theft

Workforce

When a client or prime contractor withholds earned pay from field workers or subcontractors through unpaid overtime, illegal deductions, or misclassified labour. It exposes subcontractors to legal liability if it occurs within their own crew management. Provincial labour standards apply regardless of contract wording.

Geofencing

Workforce

A virtual boundary set around a job site that triggers automatic alerts when workers or equipment enter or leave. Subcontractors use it to verify on-site attendance, automate timekeeping, and support accurate billing. It also helps clients confirm crew deployment without manual check-ins.

Job Openings Rate

Workforce

The percentage of unfilled positions relative to total jobs in a sector at a given time. For subcontractors, a high rate signals strong demand for field crews and leverage in rate negotiations. It helps forecast labour shortages before mobilising for large campaigns.

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