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Cash Flow Glossary Term

Early Payment Discount

A reduced invoice amount offered to prime contractors or clients who pay before the standard due date. Common terms like 2/10 Net 30 mean a 2% discount if paid within 10 days. Subcontractors must weigh the cash-flow benefit against the revenue they give up.

Related Terms

Settling System

Cash Flow

The process a prime contractor or operator uses to review, approve, and finalise invoices before releasing payment to subcontractors. Understanding the settling system helps subs forecast cash flow and avoid payment delays. Timelines vary widely between clients, so confirm the cycle before mobilising.

Alteration

Cash Flow

A formal change to an existing contract's scope, timeline, or pricing. Subcontractors must document alterations in writing to protect payment entitlements. Verbal agreements alone rarely hold up during disputes or audits.

Liquidated Damages

Cash Flow

A pre-agreed financial penalty charged when a subcontractor misses deadlines or fails to meet contract milestones. The amount is fixed in the contract, not calculated after the fact. LDs can seriously erode your project margins if schedule risks aren't managed upfront.

ITC (Investment Tax Credit)

Cash Flow

A federal tax incentive that reduces the taxes a subcontractor owes based on eligible capital investments, such as purchasing equipment or machinery. Field service companies can apply ITCs to offset costs on qualifying assets used in operations. This can improve cash flow by lowering overall tax liability at year-end.

Bridging Power

Cash Flow

A subcontractor's ability to fund operations while waiting on client payments. It covers payroll, fuel, and equipment costs between invoice and payment. Strong bridging power prevents work stoppages during slow pay cycles.

Entitlement Risk

Cash Flow

The risk that a subcontractor cannot fully recover costs or markup owed under contract due to unclear scope, missing documentation, or disputed change orders. It often arises when work is performed without written authorisation. Strong record-keeping and proactive change management are the primary defences.

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