CPWR (Centre for Construction Research and Training)

A formal system for isolating and de-energising equipment before maintenance or repair work begins. For subcontractors, this typically means following a client's lockout/tagout (LOTO) programme on site. Non-compliance can result in work stoppages, contract termination, or serious injury.

A sudden cave-in of trench walls during excavation, posing serious injury or fatality risk to workers below grade. Subcontractors must ensure shoring, sloping, or trench box systems meet provincial OH&S requirements before crew entry. Liability for collapse incidents often falls on the excavating subcontractor, making documented safety compliance critical.

An international standard for identifying and communicating chemical hazards through standardised labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS). Subcontractors must ensure all hazardous products on site are GHS-compliant and that workers are trained to read labels and SDS documents. Non-compliance can result in site removal or regulatory fines.

Ohio's regulatory body overseeing utility construction and service work. Subcontractors performing pipeline, electrical, or gas utility projects in Ohio must comply with PUCO-mandated standards. Non-compliance can result in work stoppages or contract penalties.

A U.S.-based non-profit that develops technical standards and research for the electric power industry. Subcontractors working on utility or power infrastructure projects may need to follow EPRI guidelines for equipment and installations. Their published standards can affect inspection, testing, and compliance requirements on job sites.

A defined set of steps a subcontractor must complete to meet regulatory, safety, or client requirements before mobilising on a project. This may include certifications, insurance submissions, and safety orientations. Missing steps can delay onboarding or result in disqualification from a contract.

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