Gathering Infrastructure

The company that holds the rights to develop an oil and gas property and manages day-to-day operations. Operators hire subcontractors and service companies to perform various tasks.

A regional transmission organisation managing the electrical grid across 14 U.S. states. Subcontractors working on power infrastructure, grid upgrades, or energy facilities in this region must align with SPP reliability standards. Understanding SPP's operating rules helps field crews coordinate outages and energisation schedules.

Contracting arrangements beyond traditional lump-sum or day-rate structures, such as alliance, integrated project delivery, or performance-based contracts. These models shift how subcontractors are engaged, paid, and held accountable for outcomes. Understanding them helps field service firms assess risk, pricing strategy, and scope responsibilities before signing.

Oil with high viscosity and density, requiring specialised handling equipment and heat-assisted extraction methods. Field crews working heavy crude sites often face more demanding maintenance schedules and equipment wear. Subcontractors should factor in higher mobilisation and operational costs when tendering these projects.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The US federal agency responsible for workplace safety regulations. Compliance with OSHA standards is required for contractors working in the United States.

Work performed on-site without removing equipment or materials from their installed position. Subcontractors are often mobilised specifically for in-situ repairs, inspections, or testing. Scope and billing should clearly reflect the fixed work location.

What Is an AFE in Oil and Gas and How Does It Affect Subcontractor Payments?

An AFE (Authorization for Expenditure) controls every dollar spent on an oilfield project. Learn how it affects your billing, change orders, and cash flow as a subcontractor.