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IndustryGlossary Term

Early-Works

Preliminary site preparation activities awarded before a project's main contract is finalised. For subcontractors, this means mobilising early—often under a letter of intent—to handle clearing, grading, or utility work. Scope and payment terms can be limited, so review your agreement carefully before committing resources.

Related Terms

Schedule Compression

Industry

When a project owner shortens the original timeline without reducing scope. Subcontractors must mobilise more crew, run shifts, or overlap tasks to meet the new dates. This often triggers overtime costs and equipment conflicts that may not be covered under the original contract.

Closed-Loop Heat Exchanger

Industry

A sealed system that transfers heat between two fluid circuits without them making direct contact. Subcontractors service these units for cleaning, inspection, and pressure testing. They are common in oilfield facilities, compressor stations, and industrial construction sites.

ILI (In-line Inspection)

Industry

A pipeline integrity assessment using instrumented tools (smart pigs) run through the line to detect corrosion, cracks, or defects. Subcontractors are often mobilised for pig launching, data collection, and follow-up dig verification work. ILI campaigns can drive significant short-notice field service demand.

Strand Jack

Industry

A hydraulic lifting device that grips steel strand cables to raise or lower extremely heavy loads incrementally. Subcontractors use strand jacks for heavy lifts on modules, bridges, and offshore structures. They are often mobilised by specialised rigging crews under a separate lifting subcontract.

Marine Infrastructure

Industry

Offshore and coastal structures such as platforms, jetties, pipelines, and subsea systems where field work is performed. Subcontractors must hold marine-specific certifications and follow offshore safety protocols. Mobilisation costs and logistics are typically higher than onshore projects.

Section 232 Tariffs

Industry

U.S. trade tariffs applied to imported steel and aluminium on national security grounds. For subcontractors, these tariffs raise material and equipment costs on cross-border projects. Budget carefully when quoting jobs that involve U.S.-sourced pipe, structural steel, or fabricated components.

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